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区块链并不是什么新鲜事,最初在1982年被提出,并最终在2008年被用作比特币背后的技术,充当不可变的公共分布式账本,每个块不能被编辑和删除。它是安全、分散和防篡改的。这些属性对物联网基础设施具有巨大的价值,并为更透明的未来指明了方向。区块链技术可用于支持物联网部署,通过改善去中心化、提高安全性并为连接设备带来更好的可见性。
在加速发展的数字世界中,以下是物联网和区块链可以合作改善企业成果的5种关键方式。
1、数据真实性的质量保证
由于其不可变性,区块链可以为质量保证流程添加一个强大的框架。当企业结合物联网和区块链技术时,它可以快速和准确地检测任何篡改数据或货物的实例。
例如,冷链监控系统可以使用区块链来记录、监控和分发物联网数据,表明温度峰值发生的位置以及责任方。区块链技术甚至可以触发警报,在货物温度超过指定阈值时通知双方。
如果有人试图质疑物联网设备收集的数据的可信度,区块链保存着任何更改或异常的证据。
2、用于确认错误的设备跟踪
物联网网络可能非常庞大。一个部署很容易包含数千甚至数十万个端点。这就是现代企业互联性质。但当拥有如此大量的物联网设备时,错误和不一致可能看起来像是随机事件。即使单个设备反复遇到问题,故障模式也很难检测到。
但是区块链技术允许为每个物联网端点分配唯一的密钥,发送加密的质询和响应消息。随着时间的推移,这些唯一密钥会构建设备配置文件。它们有助于识别不一致,确认错误是孤立事件还是需要注意的定期发生的故障。
3、智能合约,实现更快的自动化
物联网技术使自动化成为可能。这是他们的基本优势之一。但当终端检测到一些需要人工干预的东西时,一切都停止了。这可能对企业造成极大的损害。
也许是液压软管发生故障,污染生产线,导致生产中断。或者,物联网传感器感应到易腐货物已经变质,或者它们在运输过程中经历了冻伤。
借助智能合约,区块链可用于通过物联网网络授权响应。例如,工厂可以使用预测性维护,监测液压软管,并在其失效前触发更换部件。或者,如果易腐货物在运输途中变质了,智能合约可以使更换过程自动化,以减少延误并保护客户关系。
4、去中心化以增强安全性
物联网设备可能会被黑客攻击,这是无法回避的事实。特别是如果使用Wi-Fi而不是蜂窝连接方式。通过蜂窝网络连接,可以完全与任何本地网络隔离,这意味着无法与附近的不安全设备进行交互。
然而,无论使用何种连接方法,区块链的各个方面都可以增加额外的安全层。因为区块链是去中心化的,恶意的第三方不能仅仅入侵单个服务器并破坏您的数据。另外,任何访问数据和进行任何更改的尝试都会被不可更改地记录下来。
5、员工绩效使用记录
区块链还可以超越物联网传感器技术,跟踪用户的行为。这可以让企业了解设备使用的人员、时间和方式。
就像设备的历史记录可以洞察设备的可靠性一样,用户的历史记录也可以用来评估设备的可靠性和性能水平。这可以帮助企业奖励工作出色的员工,分析模式和决策过程,并提高产出的质量。
合作的未来
这些只是物联网和区块链可以协作解决商业挑战的一些方式。随着技术的加速发展,区块链物联网是一个令人兴奋的新兴增长领域,它将在未来几年影响许多行业的未来。
来源:金色财经 |
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