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Ark是第三个主要的第二层协议,在基础层上具有某种形式的单方面退出或执行机制,以接近比特币的启动点。闪电首先出现在2018年C-Lightning在Reckless活动中上线时,在2021年Mercury钱包上线时出现在Statechains上,现在Ark实验室即将推出的Arkade钱包clArk(无契约方舟)正在接近同样的目标线。, _6 |1 ?2 P# r- y
与完整的Ark实现相比,clArk有一些缺点,即在无信任版本中,要求单个Ark内的每个用户在创建退出交易时在大量的n-of-n多重签名中协同签名。如果我们有CTV或其他同等契约,用户就不需要参与交互式签名过程,方舟服务提供商(ASP)可以简单地使用契约创建方舟,用户可以确保在确认后完全控制自己的资金。
5 A6 D0 A3 M! I7 _# L与闪电网络相比,方舟提供了一个有趣的权衡,两者都要求参与者拥有多余的流动性才能收到付款。然而,在闪电网络的情况下,这是一个复杂的游戏,个人用户必须弄清楚在哪里分配自己的流动性,以及如何从他人那里获得流动性,以便在功能上发送和接收。这是一个单独的问题,每个用户都可以独自解决。有了Ark,任何ASP都可以自由地将其部分流动性分配给任何用户。他们仍然需要解决资金来源的问题,但不再存在决定是否值得向该方向分配流动性的每个用户的问题,因为任何个人用户都需要从一个共同的流动性池中获得资金,所以现在就可以简单地完成。; z/ j2 w |% g( u0 n% e- T; s
不过,方舟的流动性问题仍然存在。对于尚未关闭的方舟上浮动的每一笔付款,ASP必须为这些付款提供流动性,以允许用户将其接收到新的方舟中。当ASP达到流动性不足的程度时,其费用必须开始飙升,以管理该问题,直到他们能够通过关闭方舟来收回锁定的流动性。* \; t5 `: ?% J; ^# _% I+ x
我认为解决这种高费用尾部曲线的一种方法可能是探索Lightning的一些经验教训,即可路由拓扑。与闪电相比,这将是非常简单的。Lightning需要通过在成对的个人用户之间建立的流动性路径进行映射和路由,而Ark则只是ASP到ASP。
8 m i5 F5 _' ~1 Y. L遇到流动性紧缩的ASP可以将自己的Ark的付款“押注”到另一个流动性更高的ASP,在他们自己的方舟和另一个ASP的方舟之间建立ATLC链接,从而节省用户费用。反过来,当他们关闭现有的Ark并降低自己的费用时,他们能够收回流动性,而当时经历流动性紧缩的其他ASP可以通过向他们的方向押注付款来“回报”。6 w5 K# o ~1 p, I
这可以在ASP之间建立一种循环的、易于分析的“我帮你,你帮我”的动态,在高费用流动性紧缩期间留下一些收入,但总体上会为用户创造更可预测、更实惠的体验。
" s) x7 E3 }' i4 T9 v这确实带来了这样的风险,即跨ASP的支付本质上会将不同ASP的Ark相互关联,这意味着非合作关闭将需要关闭由多个实体运营的Ark,但鉴于合作关闭取决于用户行为,我认为这不会从根本上改变风险状况,除非ASP故意相互伤害。不过,这可以被视为类似于闪电的信道干扰问题。
$ M9 {, u9 n5 X8 Q/ ^% \有一些优点,也有潜在的缺点,但我认为这是一个值得探索的概念,可以改善方舟的流动性紧缩问题。/ J, Q9 Z$ }8 ?' X6 H: u
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当前离线
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当前离线
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