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美国互联网售彩再引争议 解禁呼声未得政策回应
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近日，有美国当地媒体透露，今年十一月份明尼苏达州有可能为全州彩民提供线上购彩服务。届时，美国各州彩票机构将会于新泽西召开大会，并正式拟定一份“互联网售彩解禁”的法案。“如果这一构想得以实现，该州所有的彩票游戏均可通过网络购买。”美国国家Dubo问题研究机构执行理事吉斯•怀特透露道。
" G) \0 e$ Q% ?$ B6 a+ P 该消息发布后不久，美国[url=http://www.usa.gov]www.usa.gov[/url].（美国ZF官网）上又有消息称，包括美国本土43个州以及哥伦比亚特区、波多黎各（美属）、维京群岛均有可能在不久的将来被允许网络售彩。
# ]5 |0 s3 S: m) T# T 来自纽约的共和党议员克里福德•克劳奇对次表示赞许，他认为将各种彩票游戏，尤其是快开型游戏移植到互联网销售，非常有助于扩大市场。康涅狄格州彩票机构负责人爱德温•麦克奎恩则表示，突破传统便利店售彩模式的网络销售，有望给各州ZF增加约15%的财政收入，这非常有利于填补当地ZF的财政赤字。“在英国和法国，互联网售彩的销量甚至可以占到15%、25%的市场份额。”麦克奎恩介绍道。% U7 \' `( Z& X4 |3 j
然而，在来自社会各界的反对意见中，对于“移动售彩技术”、“是否应实名”等极具争议的话题仍为众矢之的。
9 q6 K1 O3 e* D$ C. @ 据明尼苏达州彩票机构运营总监透露，该州网路售彩服务或首先针对强力球和超级百万两种多州联销的大盘游戏开展试运营。然而对互联网售彩“解禁”并非易事，单是相关立法的通过便需要通过层层审议。
& X7 V) I1 y D 在美国，以州为单位提议解禁互联网售彩并非首次。此前，新泽西州、伊利诺伊州等都曾提出过类似设想，并付诸相关尝试。是否允许通过互联网销售彩票，向来是这一彩票大国的“心病”，持续多年的“论战”从未因官网的禁令而休止。
, R" w! J5 h2 v 据了解，美国有39个州和地区发行彩票，每年的销售总额高达几百亿美元。2006年，全国《禁止互联网博彩法案 UIGEA》（《Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006》）出台，禁止开展所有基于互联网的博彩，但是此后曾有多州一直争取“解禁”，但均未得到获准。3 G3 v' b6 F0 W: h1 V1 G7 p9 S
有业内人士曾指出，改变彩票的管理、销售方式对提高销售额并没有太大作用，除非对彩票玩法做出相应调整，如针对网络销售开发特定的游戏产品等。而且，美国各州的法律各不相同，各州对网络售彩的规定自然存在差异。例如在华盛顿特区，通过互联网参与部分彩票玩法被认为是重罪，最多能够被判处5年徒刑。由于美国各州间博彩行业的利益分配错综复杂，部分销量名列前茅的州，为了保持其在彩票领域的领先地位和市场份额，也会设法阻挠其他州有关售彩网站的建设以及相关法案的通过。这也是导致美国众多售彩网站迟迟不能投入运营的另一个原因。: K! p' {0 M) f% b( |+ Q
此外，这些假定得到授权的私人公司会不会发行类似于视频彩票或是基诺游戏；会不会将彩票销售引入色情场所；如何向低收入人群传输购彩理念等，都是反对网络购彩的研究者所担心的问题。
/ p4 r' a9 f6 E& g& q) X6 _. k 截至本报记者发稿，针对此次明尼苏达州的“解禁”呼声，德克萨斯州当地一份名为《企业》的媒体发表社论，表示该州不会对互联网售彩“放行”。 |
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